Breast Cancer, Prevention FAQ
What are the main risk factors for breast cancer?
Key risk factors include family history, genetic mutations (e.g., BRCA1/BRCA2), obesity, hormonal influences, and alcohol consumption.
Does breast cancer prevention guarantee it won't develop?
No, preventive measures reduce but don't eliminate risk; some cases may still occur due to uncontrollable factors.
How often should I get screened for breast cancer in Malaysia?
Women aged 40-69 should undergo mammograms every 1-2 years; clinical breast exams are recommended annually.
Can diet influence breast cancer risk?
Yes, a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains may lower risk; limiting processed foods and red meat is advised.
Is exercise beneficial for breast cancer prevention?
Regular physical activity (at least 150 minutes/week) reduces risk by maintaining healthy weight and hormone balance.
Do hormonal contraceptives increase breast cancer risk?
Some studies suggest a slight increase with long-term use; individual risk assessment with a healthcare provider is crucial.
What role does alcohol play in breast cancer risk?
Consuming alcohol, especially in excess, raises risk; limiting or avoiding alcohol is recommended.
Can men develop breast cancer?
Yes, though it's rare; men should also be aware of their risk factors and report unusual breast changes.
How does obesity affect breast cancer risk?
Excess body fat increases estrogen levels, which can stimulate breast cell growth and raise cancer risk.
Are there medications for breast cancer prevention?
Yes, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) like tamoxifen may be prescribed for high-risk individuals.
Does breastfeeding lower breast cancer risk?
Yes, breastfeeding, especially for 12 months or more, can reduce risk due to hormonal changes.
What is the role of genetic testing in prevention?
Individuals with a strong family history may benefit from BRCA1/BRCA2 testing to guide preventive strategies.
Can radiation exposure increase breast cancer risk?
High doses of radiation, especially at a young age, may slightly increase risk; medical imaging uses low-dose radiation.
How does stress impact breast cancer risk?
Chronic stress may weaken the immune system, though direct links to breast cancer are still under research.
Are annual mammograms painful?
Discomfort is common but brief; techniques to minimize pain, such as scheduling around menstruation, can help.
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