Cardiovascular Medicine FAQ
What is the main cause of cardiovascular disease in Malaysia?
Key factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, and high cholesterol due to dietary habits and sedentary lifestyles.
How can I improve my cardiovascular health?
Maintain a balanced diet, exercise regularly, quit smoking, limit alcohol, and manage stress through relaxation techniques.
What medications are prescribed for high cholesterol?
Statins like Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin are commonly prescribed to lower LDL cholesterol levels.
Can hypertension be managed without medication?
Mild cases may be managed through lifestyle changes, but severe hypertension often requires medication for effective control.
What is the role of aspirin in cardiovascular health?
Low-dose aspirin may be recommended to prevent blood clots in high-risk individuals, but consult a doctor before use.
How often should I check my blood pressure?
Ideally, monitor blood pressure at home weekly if hypertensive, or annually for preventive care.
What are the symptoms of a heart attack?
Chest pain, shortness of breath, cold sweat, nausea, and pain in one or both arms, neck, or jaw.
Can diabetes increase the risk of cardiovascular disease?
Yes, diabetes significantly increases the risk due to potential nerve and blood vessel damage.
What is the difference between a heart attack and cardiac arrest?
A heart attack is due to blocked blood flow, while cardiac arrest is sudden heart function cessation.
How does smoking affect cardiovascular health?
Smoking damages blood vessels, increases heart rate, and raises blood pressure, elevating heart disease risk.
What is the role of diet in managing heart disease?
Reducing saturated fats, increasing omega-3 intake, and consuming fiber-rich foods helps manage heart health.
Can stress contribute to cardiovascular issues?
Chronic stress can lead to behaviors and physiological changes that increase heart disease risk.
What is the importance of cholesterol levels?
High LDL cholesterol can lead to plaque buildup in arteries, increasing heart attack and stroke risk.
How does obesity impact cardiovascular health?
Excess weight strains the heart, increases blood pressure, and contributes to conditions like diabetes.
What are the benefits of regular exercise for the heart?
Exercise strengthens the heart, improves circulation, lowers blood pressure, and aids in weight management.