Helicobacter Pylori Infection FAQ
What causes H. pylori infection?
It's caused by the Helicobacter pylori bacteria, often spread through contaminated food, water, or close contact.
What are common symptoms?
Abdominal pain, nausea, bloating, loss of appetite, and in severe cases, vomiting blood or black stools.
How is H. pylori diagnosed?
Through endoscopy with biopsy, urea breath test, stool antigen test, or blood tests detecting antibodies.
Is treatment always necessary?
Yes, if symptoms or complications like ulcers are present, to prevent gastric cancer risk.
What is the standard treatment?
A combination of antibiotics (e.g., amoxicillin, clarithromycin) and a proton pump inhibitor (e.g., omeprazole).
How long does treatment take?
Typically 7-14 days, depending on the antibiotic regimen and severity of infection.
Can H. pylori be cured?
Yes, with appropriate antibiotic therapy, though antibiotic resistance can complicate treatment.
What happens if left untreated?
Increased risk of peptic ulcers, gastritis, and gastric cancer over time.
How to prevent H. pylori infection?
Practice good hygiene, avoid contaminated food/water, and maintain clean cooking conditions.
Is H. pylori common in Malaysia?
Yes, with varying prevalence; it's a significant public health concern in the region.
Can I transmit H. pylori to others?
Possibly through close contact or shared food/water, though transmission dynamics are not fully understood.
What foods should I avoid?
Spicy, fatty, or acidic foods that may irritate the stomach lining during infection.
Can I drink alcohol during treatment?
No, alcohol can interfere with medication efficacy and irritate the stomach.
How to manage symptoms at home?
Ginger, probiotics, and a bland diet may help, but consult a doctor for proper care.
When should I see a doctor?
If experiencing persistent abdominal pain, vomiting blood, or black stools, seek immediate medical attention.
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