Hypothyroidism FAQ
What causes underactive thyroid?
Commonly caused by Hashimoto's thyroiditis, an autoimmune disorder, or iodine deficiency, which affects thyroid hormone production.
What are the main symptoms of hypothyroidism?
Fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, dry skin, and menstrual irregularities are typical symptoms.
How is underactive thyroid diagnosed?
Diagnosed through blood tests measuring TSH, T4, and T3 hormone levels, indicating thyroid function.
What is the primary treatment for hypothyroidism?
Levothyroxine medication, a synthetic thyroid hormone replacement, is the standard treatment.
Can diet manage underactive thyroid?
Iodine-rich diet helps, but medication is usually necessary for adequate hormone levels.
Does hypothyroidism affect fertility?
Yes, untreated hypothyroidism can disrupt menstrual cycles and reduce fertility in women.
Can underactive thyroid be cured?
Most cases require lifelong medication management, but symptoms can be effectively controlled.
What happens if hypothyroidism is left untreated?
Can lead to severe fatigue, increased risk of heart disease, and myxedema, a life-threatening condition.
How often are medication adjustments needed?
Regular blood tests every 6-8 weeks initially, then annually, to ensure optimal hormone levels.
Can stress cause underactive thyroid?
Stress doesn’t directly cause it, but can exacerbate symptoms and potentially trigger autoimmune responses.
Are there alternative treatments for hypothyroidism?
No proven alternatives; levothyroxine is the most effective treatment, though some use desiccated thyroid.
Does hypothyroidism affect men?
Yes, though less common than in women, men can experience fatigue, weight gain, and erectile dysfunction.
Can pregnancy induce hypothyroidism?
Pregnancy can worsen or reveal underactive thyroid due to increased hormonal demands.
Are there risks with thyroid medication?
Generally safe with proper dosing, though overdose can cause hyperthyroid symptoms.
How to manage weight with hypothyroidism?
Balanced diet, regular exercise, and optimized medication to support metabolism.
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