Tuberculosis, Active FAQ
What causes active tuberculosis?
It's caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, often spread through airborne droplets.
Is active TB contagious?
Yes, it's highly contagious, especially in close, prolonged contact with an untreated individual.
What are common symptoms?
Persistent cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, and fatigue are typical symptoms.
How is active TB diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves physical exams, chest X-rays, sputum tests, and sometimes CT scans or biopsies.
What is the treatment duration?
Standard treatment lasts 6-9 months, depending on the severity and drug resistance.
Can active TB be cured?
Yes, with proper adherence to antibiotic treatment, most cases can be cured.
What medications are used?
First-line drugs include isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol.
Are there side effects of TB medication?
Possible side effects include nausea, liver damage, and increased risk of bleeding.
How can transmission be prevented?
Covering the mouth, wearing masks, and practicing good hygiene reduce transmission risk.
Who is at higher risk of active TB?
People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, are more susceptible.
What happens if active TB is untreated?
Untreated TB can lead to severe lung damage, organ failure, or death.
Is vaccination available for active TB?
The Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine offers some protection, primarily for children.
Can I work with active TB?
Treatment and isolation measures are necessary initially; a healthcare provider will advise on returning to work.
How often are follow-up appointments needed?
Regular follow-ups, often monthly, are crucial to monitor treatment progress and adjust as needed.
Can I travel with active TB?
Travel restrictions may apply until the individual is deemed non-contagious by a healthcare provider.
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