Renal Cell Caroma (RCC) FAQ
What causes renal cell carcinoma?
Exact causes are unclear, but risk factors include smoking, high blood pressure, and genetic mutations.
Is renal cell carcinoma hereditary?
About 5% of cases are hereditary, linked to genetic syndromes like von Hippel-Lindau disease.
What are early symptoms of renal cell carcinoma?
Early stages may be asymptomatic; possible signs include blood in urine, abdominal mass, or flank pain.
How is renal cell carcinoma diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves imaging tests (CT/MRI scans), urine analysis, and biopsy for confirmation.
What are treatment options for renal cell carcinoma?
Surgery, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and radiation therapy are common treatment approaches.
Can renal cell carcinoma be cured?
Early-stage localized RCC can often be cured with surgery; metastatic cases are typically managed.
What is the survival rate for renal cell carcinoma?
5-year survival rates vary by stage, approximately 75% for localized, 16% for distant metastasis (ACS 202 data).
How does targeted therapy work for RCC?
Targeted therapies inhibit specific molecules involved in tumor growth and angiogenesis.
Is immunotherapy effective for renal cell carcinoma?
Yes, immunotherapies like checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., nivolumab) have shown efficacy in advanced RCC.
Can renal cell carcinoma spread?
Yes, RCC can metastasize to lungs, bones, liver, or brain, complicating treatment.
What lifestyle changes help manage RCC?
Maintaining a healthy weight, quitting smoking, and managing blood pressure are beneficial.
How often should I follow up after RCC treatment?
Regular monitoring with imaging and clinic visits, typically every 3-6 months initially.
Can renal cell carcinoma recur after treatment?
Yes, recurrence is possible; long-term follow-up is crucial for early detection.
Are there new treatments for RCC in Malaysia?
Yes, targeted therapies and immunotherapies are increasingly available in Malaysian oncology centers.
How does RCC treatment impact quality of life?
Side effects vary; treatment plans aim to balance efficacy with quality of life considerations.
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