Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting FAQ
What causes CINV?
CINV occurs due to chemotherapy drugs affecting the brain's vomiting center and the gut, triggering nausea and vomiting reflexes.
How common is CINV?
Approximately 30-90% of chemotherapy patients experience CINV, depending on the treatment regimen and individual factors.
Can CINV be prevented?
Yes, prophylactic medications are typically administered before chemotherapy to prevent or reduce CINV severity.
What are the types of CINV?
CINV is categorized as acute (occurring within 24 hours) or delayed (persisting beyond 24 hours post-chemotherapy).
How is CINV diagnosed?
Diagnosis is based on patient history, chemotherapy type, and symptom evaluation, without specific diagnostic tests.
What medications treat CINV?
Common treatments include 5-HT3 inhibitors (e.g., ondansetron), NK1 receptor antagonists, and corticosteroids.
Are there natural remedies for CINV?
Some patients find relief with ginger, acupressure, or relaxation techniques, but these should complement, not replace, medication.
Can CINV worsen over time?
Without effective management, CINV can lead to dehydration, malnutrition, and reduced treatment adherence.
How does nutrition help with CINV?
Small, frequent meals of bland, easily digestible foods can help manage symptoms and maintain nutrition.
Is CINV treatment covered in Malaysia?
Many CINV medications are available in Malaysia, with coverage depending on individual healthcare plans or government subsidies.
Can I drive while experiencing CINV?
Dizziness or fatigue from CINV or its treatment may impair driving ability; rest is recommended.
How long does CINV last?
Duration varies; acute CINV typically resolves within 24 hours, while delayed CINV may persist for several days.
Can CINV recur after treatment?
Yes, CINV can occur with each chemotherapy cycle, emphasizing the need for consistent preventive measures.
What role do steroids play in CINV treatment?
Steroids, like dexamethasone, are often combined with antiemetics to enhance their effectiveness in preventing CINV.
How can I support a loved one with CINV?
Offer emotional support, help with meal preparation, and encourage adherence to the treatment plan.
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