Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) FAQ
What causes postoperative nausea and vomiting?
PONV is caused by anesthesia, pain, stress, and certain medications affecting the stomach and brain.
How common is PONV after surgery?
Approximately 30% of patients experience PONV, with higher rates in certain surgeries and patient populations.
Can PONV be prevented?
Yes, through risk assessment, anesthesia techniques, and prophylactic medications like antiemetics.
What are the risk factors for PONV?
Female gender, non-smoking status, history of motion sickness, and prolonged surgery increase PONV risk.
How is PONV typically treated?
Treatment involves antiemetic medications, hydration, and addressing underlying causes like pain or anesthesia effects.
Are there natural remedies for PONV?
Ginger, acupressure, and aromatherapy may help alleviate mild PONV symptoms.
When should I seek medical help for PONV?
Consult your doctor if vomiting persists, leads to dehydration, or is accompanied by fever or abdominal pain.
Can PONV lead to complications?
Severe PONV can cause dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and delayed recovery.
How long does PONV usually last?
PONV typically resolves within 24-48 hours with appropriate treatment and care.
Are there specific medications for PONV?
Yes, 5-HT3 inhibitors (e.g., ondansetron), NK-1 antagonists (e.g., aprepitant), and others are commonly used.
Can I prevent PONV without medication?
In some cases, regional anesthesia, avoiding certain anesthetics, and early mobilization may help reduce PONV risk.
Is PONV more common in certain surgeries?
Yes, surgeries involving the abdomen, brain, or prolonged procedures increase PONV incidence.
Can children experience PONV?
Yes, children are also at risk, especially after tonsillectomies or adenoidectomies.
How does pain management impact PONV?
Adequate pain control, often with opioids used cautiously, helps reduce PONV risk.
Are there long-term effects of untreated PONV?
Untreated PONV can lead to patient dissatisfaction, increased healthcare costs, and potential complications.
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