Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) FAQ
What causes Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer?
Risk factors include smoking, air pollution, genetic mutations, and prolonged asbestos exposure.
Is NSCLC treatable?
Yes, treatments depend on stage and biomarkers, including surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy.
What are common NSCLC symptoms?
Persistent cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, and unintended weight loss.
How is NSCLC diagnosed?
Through imaging tests (CT scans), biopsy, and biomarker testing to identify specific genetic mutations.
Can non-smokers develop NSCLC?
Yes, approximately 10-15% of cases occur in non-smokers, often linked to genetic factors or environmental exposures.
What is the role of targeted therapy in NSCLC treatment?
Targeted therapies focus on specific genetic mutations (e.g., EGFR, ALK) to precision-treat cancer cells with minimal harm to healthy cells.
Is immunotherapy effective for NSCLC?
Immunotherapy, such as checkpoint inhibitors, can be effective for some patients, particularly those with high PD-L1 expression.
How does chemotherapy work for NSCLC?
Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill rapidly dividing cancer cells, often combined with other treatments for enhanced efficacy.
What is the significance of biomarker testing?
Biomarker testing identifies genetic mutations guiding personalized treatment plans, improving response rates and outcomes.
Can NSCLC be completely cured?
Early-stage NSCLC may be curable with surgery and adjuvant therapy, while advanced stages focus on managing symptoms and progression.
How often should lung cancer screenings occur?
High-risk individuals (e.g., long-term smokers) should undergo annual low-dose CT scans, ideally starting at age 50.
What support resources are available in Malaysia?
Organizations like the National Cancer Society Malaysia offer support groups, counseling, and educational resources.
How does diet impact NSCLC management?
A balanced diet rich in nutrients supports overall health and treatment tolerance, with some evidence suggesting benefits of antioxidant-rich foods.
What is the role of palliative care?
Palliative care focuses on symptom relief, pain management, and improving quality of life for patients at any disease stage.
Are clinical trials available in Malaysia for NSCLC?
Yes, patients may participate in clinical trials through hospitals like University Malaya Medical Centre or the National Cancer Institute.
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