Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Complex (MAC) Prophylaxis FAQ
What is MAC prophylaxis?
Preventive treatment to avoid Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex infections in high-risk individuals.
Who needs MAC prophylaxis?
Immunocompromised patients, especially those with advanced HIV/AIDS (CD4 count <50 cells/mm³).
What antibiotics are used for MAC prophylaxis?
Common medications include rifabutin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin.
How long does MAC prophylaxis last?
Duration varies; typically continued until immune system recovery or as clinically indicated.
Can MAC prophylaxis cause side effects?
Yes, potential side effects include gastrointestinal issues, rash, or increased liver enzymes.
Is MAC prophylaxis effective?
Yes, studies show it significantly reduces MAC infection risk in high-risk patients.
Can I stop MAC prophylaxis without consulting a doctor?
No, abrupt cessation may increase infection risk; consult your physician first.
How often are follow-up tests needed during MAC prophylaxis?
Regular monitoring, typically every 2-3 months, to assess treatment efficacy and safety.
Does MAC prophylaxis interact with other medications?
Yes, potential drug interactions exist; inform your doctor about all medications.
What if I miss a dose of MAC prophylaxis?
Take the missed dose as soon as remembered, unless it's almost time for the next dose.
Is MAC prophylaxis covered by Malaysian healthcare insurance?
Depends on the insurance plan; verify coverage with your provider.
Can MAC infections be cured if prophylaxis fails?
Yes, but treatment is more complex and may involve multiple antibiotics.
How is MAC infection diagnosed?
Through blood cultures, PCR tests, or biopsy in symptomatic patients.
What are early symptoms of MAC infection?
Fever, night sweats, weight loss, and fatigue; similar to other infections.
Can MAC prophylaxis prevent all bacterial infections?
No, it specifically targets Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex.
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