Lymphoma FAQ
What are the main types of lymphoma?
The two primary types are Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), differentiated by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells in HL.
What causes lymphoma?
Exact causes are unknown, but risk factors include weakened immune systems, viral infections (e.g., HIV, Epstein-Barr), and genetic mutations.
How is lymphoma diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves physical exams, blood tests, imaging scans, and biopsy of lymph node tissue for histopathological examination.
What are common lymphoma symptoms?
Fever, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, and night sweats are common, though symptoms vary by individual.
Is lymphoma curable?
Some lymphomas, especially Hodgkin's, are highly treatable and potentially curable with early intervention and advanced therapies.
What treatments are available for lymphoma in Malaysia?
Treatment options include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and stem cell transplantation, depending on the type and stage.
How does chemotherapy work for lymphoma?
Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancerous lymphocytes, often administered in cycles to balance treatment effectiveness with recovery periods.
What role does immunotherapy play in lymphoma treatment?
Immunotherapy (e.g., checkpoint inhibitors) enhances the body's immune response to target and destroy cancer cells, offering new hope for some patients.
Are there clinical trials for lymphoma in Malaysia?
Yes, various hospitals and research institutions in Malaysia participate in international clinical trials for novel lymphoma treatments.
How is lymphoma staged?
Staging (I-IV) is based on the extent of cancer spread, determined through imaging and biopsy, guiding treatment decisions.
Can lifestyle changes help manage lymphoma?
While not curative, a balanced diet, regular exercise, and stress management can support overall health during treatment.
What is the role of a hematologist in lymphoma care?
A hematologist specializes in blood disorders and cancers, leading the diagnosis, treatment planning, and management of lymphoma cases.
How often should lymphoma patients follow up with doctors?
Regular follow-ups are crucial, with schedules varying based on treatment phase and response, to monitor for recurrence or side effects.
Can lymphoma recur after treatment?
Yes, recurrence is possible, though the risk depends on the lymphoma type, initial treatment response, and individual health factors.
What support resources are available for lymphoma patients in Malaysia?
Organizations like the Malaysian Society of Hematology and the Cancer Awareness Society offer support, information, and community resources.
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