HIV is a viral infection that attacks the body's immune system, specifically CD4 cells, making it harder to fight infections and diseases. If untreated, it can lead to AIDS. Early diagnosis and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are crucial for management.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection FAQ


What is HIV?

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that attacks the immune system, making the body vulnerable to infections and diseases.

How is HIV transmitted?

HIV spreads through bodily fluids via unprotected sex, sharing needles, mother-to-child during childbirth or breastfeeding, or blood transfusions.

What are the symptoms of HIV?

Early symptoms may include flu-like fever, fatigue, and swollen lymph nodes. Without treatment, it can progress to severe infections and AIDS.

Is there a cure for HIV?

Currently, no cure exists, but antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectively manages the virus, allowing individuals to live long, healthy lives.

How is HIV diagnosed?

HIV is diagnosed through blood tests (antibody/antigen tests or viral load tests) at clinics or healthcare facilities in Malaysia.

What is the difference between HIV and AIDS?

HIV is the virus, while AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is the final stage of HIV infection, characterized by severe immune system damage.

Can HIV be transmitted through casual contact?

No, HIV cannot be spread through hugging, kissing, or sharing utensils. It requires direct contact with infected bodily fluids.

How often should someone with HIV see a doctor?

Regular check-ups (every 3-6 months) are essential to monitor viral load, CD4 count, and adjust treatment plans as needed.

Are HIV medications available in Malaysia?

Yes, various antiretroviral medications are accessible in Malaysia, often subsidized through public healthcare programs.

Can people with HIV have children safely?

With proper ART and prenatal care, the risk of mother-to-child transmission can be significantly reduced to nearly zero.

What is the role of CD4 count in HIV management?

CD4 count measures immune system health; regular monitoring helps determine the best treatment approach and disease progression.

Is HIV testing anonymous in Malaysia?

Some clinics offer anonymous testing, but it's best to confirm confidentiality policies with the specific healthcare provider.

How does ART work?

Antiretroviral therapy suppresses viral replication, slowing disease progression and reducing transmission risk by lowering viral load.

Can HIV be contracted through mosquito bites?

No, mosquitoes do not transmit HIV. The virus cannot survive or replicate within mosquito bodies.

What support is available for people with HIV in Malaysia?

Support groups, counseling services, and patient assistance programs are available through organizations like the Malaysian AIDS Council.

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