Frozen shoulder, or adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterized by stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint, leading to restricted movement. It typically progresses through freezing, frozen, and thawing stages, often resolving within 1-3 years.

Adhesive Capsulitis FAQ


What causes frozen shoulder?

The exact cause is unknown, but it's linked to inflammation and thickening of the shoulder capsule.

Who is most affected by frozen shoulder?

Women and people aged 40-60 are more prone, especially those with diabetes or recent shoulder injury/surgery.

What are the stages of frozen shoulder?

Freezing (painful), frozen (stiff), and thawing (gradual recovery), spanning 1-3 years.

Is frozen shoulder permanent?

No, it typically resolves on its own, but early treatment can alleviate symptoms and shorten duration.

How is frozen shoulder diagnosed?

Through physical examination, assessing range of motion, and possibly imaging tests like X-rays or MRI.

Can frozen shoulder be prevented?

Maintaining shoulder mobility through gentle exercises may help reduce risk, especially after injury or surgery.

What exercises help frozen shoulder?

Gentle stretching, such as shoulder rolls, pendulum swings, and towel stretches, as recommended by a physiotherapist.

Are injections effective for frozen shoulder?

Corticosteroid injections can provide short-term pain relief but may not improve stiffness significantly.

When is surgery considered for frozen shoulder?

Only if conservative treatments fail after 6-12 months, with procedures like arthroscopic hydrodilation or capsular release.

How long does recovery from frozen shoulder take?

Average duration is 1-3 years, with most people recovering fully, though some may experience residual stiffness.

Does heat or ice help frozen shoulder?

Applying heat before exercises and ice afterward can help reduce pain and inflammation.

Can frozen shoulder spread to the other shoulder?

It's possible to develop frozen shoulder in the other shoulder, especially if predisposed.

What role does diabetes play in frozen shoulder?

Diabetics are more likely to develop frozen shoulder, possibly due to increased inflammation and tissue stiffness.

Are there alternative therapies for frozen shoulder?

Acupuncture and massage may complement traditional treatments, but evidence for their effectiveness varies.

How often should I exercise with frozen shoulder?

Daily gentle exercises, ideally 2-3 times a day, as consistent movement promotes recovery.

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