Malignant Neoplasm FAQ
What causes cancer?
Cancer arises from genetic mutations causing uncontrolled cell division, often due to environmental factors, lifestyle, or inherited traits.
How is cancer diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves physical exams, lab tests, imaging studies, and biopsies to identify abnormal cell growth.
What are common cancer treatment options?
Treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy, depending on cancer type and stage.
Can cancer be cured?
Some cancers can be cured if detected early, while others may be managed with treatment to prolong life and improve quality.
How does chemotherapy work?
Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill rapidly dividing cancer cells, though it may also affect healthy cells, causing side effects.
What is targeted therapy?
Targeted therapy focuses on specific genetic mutations driving cancer growth, minimizing harm to healthy cells.
Are all cancers the same?
No, cancers vary greatly by type, aggressiveness, and treatment response, emphasizing the need for personalized care.
Can lifestyle changes prevent cancer?
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, avoiding tobacco, and limiting sun exposure can reduce cancer risk, but not completely prevent it.
How does cancer staging work?
Staging (I-IV) assesses cancer spread, guiding treatment decisions and estimating prognosis.
What is the role of surgery in cancer treatment?
Surgery aims to remove tumors and affected tissues, often used in conjunction with other treatments for optimal outcomes.
Can cancer recur after treatment?
Yes, recurrence is possible, highlighting the importance of follow-up care and monitoring.
How does immunotherapy differ from chemotherapy?
Immunotherapy boosts the body's immune response to fight cancer, while chemotherapy directly targets rapidly dividing cells.
Are there cancer support services in Malaysia?
Yes, organizations like the Malaysian Cancer Society offer emotional support, counseling, and resources for patients and families.
Can cancer treatment cause infertility?
Some treatments may impact fertility; discussing preservation options with a healthcare provider is recommended.
What is palliative care for cancer patients?
Palliative care focuses on alleviating symptoms, pain, and stress, improving quality of life throughout treatment.
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