Varicella-Zoster Virus Infection FAQ
What causes chickenpox?
Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, spread through respiratory droplets or direct contact with an infected person's rash.
Is chickenpox contagious?
Yes, chickenpox is highly contagious, especially 1-2 days before the rash appears and until all blisters have crusted over.
What are common chickenpox symptoms?
Characteristic symptoms include an itchy, blister-like rash, fever, headache, and fatigue, typically lasting 5-7 days.
Can adults get chickenpox?
Yes, adults can contract chickenpox, often experiencing more severe symptoms and higher complication risks than children.
How is chickenpox diagnosed?
Diagnosis is usually based on the characteristic rash and medical history; laboratory tests may be used in atypical cases.
What treatments are available in Malaysia?
Treatment focuses on symptom relief with antipyretics, antihistamines, and oral antiviral medications like aciclovir for severe cases or high-risk individuals.
Can chickenpox be prevented?
Yes, vaccination is the most effective prevention method, included in Malaysia's National Immunisation Programme for children.
What are potential complications?
Complications can include bacterial skin infections, pneumonia, and encephalitis, more common in adults and immunocompromised individuals.
How long does chickenpox recovery take?
Most individuals recover within 7-10 days, with the rash crusting over and healing by the second week.
Can I work during chickenpox?
No, it's advisable to isolate until all blisters have crusted over to prevent spreading the virus.
Is chickenpox related to shingles?
Yes, the varicella-zoster virus remains dormant after chickenpox and can reactivate later in life, causing shingles.
How to manage chickenpox itching?
Cool baths, calamine lotion, and antihistamines can help alleviate itching; avoid scratching to prevent infection.
Can I bathe during chickenpox?
Yes, lukewarm baths or showers are recommended to reduce itching and maintain hygiene; pat dry gently.
When should I seek medical attention?
Consult a doctor if you experience difficulty breathing, severe headache, or signs of bacterial infection, such as increased redness or pus around blisters.
Is medication available over-the-counter?
Mild symptoms may be managed with OTC antipyretics and antihistamines; antiviral medications typically require a prescription.
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