Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) FAQ
What causes PAH?
PAH is caused by narrowing and stiffening of the pulmonary arteries, often due to unknown reasons (idiopathic) or underlying conditions like connective tissue diseases.
Is PAH curable?
Currently, there is no cure for PAH, but various treatments can help manage symptoms, slow progression, and improve quality of life.
What are common PAH symptoms?
Common symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, dizziness, chest pain, and swelling in the ankles, feet, or legs.
How is PAH diagnosed in Malaysia?
Diagnosis typically involves a series of tests, including echocardiogram, right heart catheterization, and pulmonary function tests, as recommended by Malaysian cardiologists.
Can PAH be inherited?
Some cases of PAH have a genetic component, with mutations in genes like BMPR2, but this is relatively rare.
What lifestyle changes help manage PAH?
Maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding strenuous activities, and preventing respiratory infections through vaccination are beneficial.
How do PAH medications work?
PAH medications, such as vasodilators and endothelin receptor antagonists, help relax and widen blood vessels, reducing pressure in the pulmonary arteries.
Is surgery an option for PAH?
In severe cases, lung transplantation may be considered as a last-resort treatment option.
Can PAH lead to heart failure?
Yes, untreated PAH can cause right-sided heart failure due to the heart working harder to pump blood through the lungs.
Are there support groups for PAH in Malaysia?
Yes, organizations like the Pulmonary Hypertension Association of Malaysia offer support and resources for patients and families.
How often should PAH patients follow up with their doctor?
Regular follow-ups (every 3-6 months) with a cardiologist or pulmonologist are essential for monitoring disease progression and treatment efficacy.
Can PAH be caused by other medical conditions?
Yes, PAH can be associated with conditions like scleroderma, lupus, and congenital heart disease.
What is the prognosis for PAH patients?
Prognosis varies depending on the severity of the disease and response to treatment; early diagnosis improves outcomes.
Are there clinical trials for PAH in Malaysia?
Patients can inquire about participation in clinical trials through their healthcare provider or the National Medical Research Register (NMRR).
How can family members support a PAH patient?
Emotional support, assisting with daily tasks, and encouraging adherence to treatment plans are vital for PAH patients.
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