Cervical Carcinoma FAQ
What is the main cause of cervical cancer?
Persistent infection with high-risk HPV strains, such as HPV 16 and 18, is the primary cause.
How can cervical cancer be prevented?
HPV vaccination and regular Pap smear screenings can help prevent or detect cervical cancer early.
What are common symptoms of cervical cancer?
Abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, and unusual vaginal discharge may indicate cervical cancer.
Is cervical cancer treatable?
Yes, especially when detected early through regular screenings, with treatments including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation.
What is the role of chemotherapy in treatment?
Chemotherapy uses medications like cisplatin to destroy cancer cells, often combined with radiation for better outcomes.
How does radiation therapy help?
Radiation targets and kills cancer cells in the cervix, used alone or with chemotherapy for advanced stages.
Are targeted therapies available?
Yes, medications like bevacizumab help slow tumor growth by targeting specific molecules involved in cancer development.
What is the survival rate for early-stage cervical cancer?
The 5-year survival rate for early-stage cervical cancer is high, often above 90%, with timely treatment.
Can cervical cancer recur after treatment?
Yes, regular follow-ups are crucial to monitor for recurrence, especially in the first few years post-treatment.
How does HPV vaccination work?
HPV vaccines protect against high-risk strains, recommended for individuals, ideally before sexual activity begins.
What happens during a Pap smear?
A sample of cervical cells is collected to detect abnormal changes, a key step in early cervical cancer detection.
Is surgery an option for all stages?
Surgery is typically effective for early-stage cervical cancer but may not be suitable for advanced stages.
How can patients manage treatment side effects?
Pain management, dietary adjustments, and emotional support help alleviate chemotherapy and radiation side effects.
Can cervical cancer affect fertility?
Some treatments may impact fertility; discussing preservation options with a healthcare provider is advisable.
What support resources are available in Malaysia?
Organizations like the Malaysian Cancer Society offer support, counseling, and resources for patients and families.
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