Cardiovascular diseases refer to disorders of the heart and blood vessels. In Malaysia, they are a leading cause of death. CVDs include conditions like coronary artery disease, stroke, and hypertension, often linked to lifestyle factors, genetics, and age.

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Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) FAQ


What are the common types of cardiovascular disease in Malaysia?

Common types include coronary artery disease, hypertension, stroke, and heart failure.

What are the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease?

Key risk factors are smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, obesity, and family history.

Can cardiovascular disease be prevented?

Yes, through healthy diet, regular exercise, quitting smoking, and managing underlying conditions.

How is cardiovascular disease typically diagnosed?

Diagnosis involves medical history, physical exams, and tests like ECG, blood tests, and imaging studies.

What is the role of medication in managing cardiovascular disease?

Medications help control symptoms, slow disease progression, and reduce the risk of complications or events.

Are there surgical treatments for cardiovascular disease?

Yes, including angioplasty, bypass surgery, and valve repair or replacement, depending on the condition.

How does diet impact cardiovascular health?

A diet low in salt, saturated fats, and sugars helps lower blood pressure and cholesterol, reducing heart disease risk.

What is the impact of smoking on cardiovascular disease?

Smoking damages blood vessels, increases blood pressure, and significantly raises the risk of heart disease and stroke.

Can stress contribute to cardiovascular disease?

Chronic stress can lead to behaviors and physiological changes that increase heart disease risk.

How often should I check my blood pressure?

Adults should have their blood pressure checked at least once a year, more often if hypertension is diagnosed.

What are the symptoms of a heart attack?

Common symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, and pain in the arms, back, neck, jaw, or stomach.

How is a stroke different from a heart attack?

A stroke occurs in the brain due to blocked or burst blood vessels, while a heart attack affects the heart muscle.

Can diabetes increase the risk of cardiovascular disease?

Yes, diabetes can damage blood vessels and nerves, increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke.

What is the role of cholesterol in cardiovascular disease?

High levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol can lead to plaque buildup in arteries, increasing heart disease risk.

How does obesity affect heart health?

Excess weight can lead to high blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol, all of which strain the heart.

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