Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic effective against various bacterial infections. It works by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria. However, its use is limited due to potential serious side effects, including aplastic anemia, and is typically reserved for severe infections when other treatments are ineffective.

Chloramphenicol FAQ


What is chloramphenicol used for?

It treats severe bacterial infections when other antibiotics are ineffective, such as typhoid fever or bacterial meningitis.

How does chloramphenicol work?

It inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit.

What are the common side effects?

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and the rare but serious risk of aplastic anemia.

Is chloramphenicol safe for children?

Generally avoided in children due to the risk of gray baby syndrome, except in life-threatening situations.

Can I buy chloramphenicol over the counter in Malaysia?

No, it typically requires a prescription due to its potential side effects.

How long does a course of chloramphenicol usually last?

The duration varies by infection type but is usually short-term to minimize risk.

Does chloramphenicol treat viral infections?

No, it's ineffective against viruses and may contribute to antibiotic resistance if misused.

What monitoring is needed during treatment?

Regular blood tests to check for signs of bone marrow suppression or liver function issues.

Are there alternatives to chloramphenicol?

Yes, depending on the infection, alternatives like ciprofloxacin or ampicillin may be used.

Can chloramphenicol be used topically?

Yes, eye drops are available for bacterial conjunctivitis, with less systemic risk.

How should chloramphenicol be stored?

Oral forms at room temperature, protected from light; eye drops refrigerated after opening.

Is chloramphenicol compatible with other medications?

It may interact with blood thinners, diabetes medications, and other antibiotics.

What happens if a dose is missed?

Take it as soon as remembered, but skip if near the next dose time.

Can chloramphenicol be used during pregnancy?

Generally avoided unless absolutely necessary due to potential fetal risks.

How is chloramphenicol administered?

Orally, intravenously, or topically (eye drops), depending on the formulation and infection type.

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